I’m the Noob

and this is my story

‍📖

💻‍ ‍🐍

💻‍ ‍🔨

‍❤

If it’s Linux, why is it called Ubuntu?

It’s based on Debian

Ok, so Linux…

A bit like this…

At the time, it was Unity - now it’s Gnome

(the 3D modelling software)

Call me, maybe

‍‍💁‍ 📞‍

Try a different flavour

(like crisps)

Ok, makes total sense!

My greatest struggle

Installing stuff

‍‍‍🤷‍

$ sudo 📦

Advanced Package Tool

$ sudo apt update

The Ubuntu package repositories

Basically a database of available packages that have been tested

https://packages.ubuntu.com/disco/

Update your local database

$ sudo apt update

Upgrade your packages

$ sudo apt upgrade

Install a package

$ sudo apt install package

Need a specific version?

$ sudo apt install package=version

Need a newer version?

‍‍‍💩

Personal Package Archive (PPA)

“ A method of distributing software to users, without requiring developers to undergo the full process of distribution in the main ubuntu repositories “

- Ubuntu Wiki

Add the PPA to your package database

Then use apt to install and upgrade

Adding a PPA allows full root access to your system

Always trust who it’s from

🚨

Bit better than downloading and installing from a website

Not as secure as installing from the main Ubuntu repositories

It might break everything!

‍‍🔥

Ain’t no Party

Like a Linux Hierarchy

‍‍‍🤘

The Root

everything is a file

Bin is for Binaries

pwd, mkdir, cat and systemctl

Boot is for booting

static files for the bootloader.

Dev is for devices.

Etc like Betsy

Configuration files for system wide applications

Home is for home

For all your stuff like documents, pictures, projects etc.

Lib is for Library

System shared libraries for booting and running commands in the root filesystem.

Media is for media

Where media gets mounted to. If you plug in a USB for example.

Opt is for optional add-on software packages

Nicely packaged apps with all their bits and bobs in one place

The /usr Hierarchy

‍‍‍💡

Usr is not for user.

not user

More like user space

The primary directory for executables that are not needed for booting or repairing the system.

less, pkill, which

Libraries for packages installed that aren’t system dependant.

locally installed software by the administrator

(probably you if it’s your machine)

These binaries are for local programs

Programs not managed by the distribution package manager

Share is for Sharing’s Caring

Architecture-independent data like man pages and locale information

Also ASCII character tables

The Var Hierarchy

‍‍‍📝

Var is for Variable Data Files

Temp files like log files

Cache stuff

Cached data from applications to save IO speed

Games are for playing

Scores, levels and user specific game data

Want more?

$ man hier

For more words to put into a search engine.

Versioning

it’s not you, it’s me

💔

Warning!

Using with anything other than Version 2.1.3 will cause unimaginable chaos to you and your family

💣

Long Term Support

18.04.3 Bionic Beaver

Interim releases get newer features whilst still being somewhat stable

What if you want a new application?

Snaps have got you covered…

Snaps

“ Snaps work across Linux on any distribution or version. Bundle your dependencies and assets, simplifying installs to a single standard command. “

- Snapcraft.io

Snaps work independantly of the Ubuntu release cycle

$ sudo snap install package-name

“I’ve heard snaps are rubbish“

blah blah blah

Getting stable releases with the newest features is hard

More people testing bleeding edge releases, reporting bugs and enabling telemetry

Where’s the Ctrl + Alt + Delete?

My quest to look cool be productive

📢

If in doubt

• Try turning it off and on again
• Check what you’re running which
• Check the version you’re running version
• Ask someone! There’s a huge community of people who have probably had this problem before
• Re-install! Keep everything backed up